Today, a perfect holiday themed throwback Thursday! Pictured: Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County: Wayne Street building, Christmas tree in lobby, 1950. Taken from the stairs.
1950s - American Chestnut trees all but wiped out by blight disease. The American chestnut once towered over everything else in the forest. It was called the “redwood of the East.” Dominating the landscape from Georgia to Maine, Castanea dentata provided the raw materials that fueled the young nation’s westward expansion, and inspired the words of Henry Wadsworth Longfellow and Henry David Thoreau. Then, the blight struck. By the 1950s, this mightiest of trees was all but extinct – “gone down like a slaughtered army,” in the words of naturalist Donald Culross Peattie. Read the rest of the story Bringing back a blighted icon Hope survives for American chestnut by Allen G. Breed of the Associated Press December 9, 2012.
#OTD in 1950, six carloads of coal arrived at the Fort Wayne City Light plant to relieve the ongoing coal shortage. Just days earlier, the lack of coal shut down local industries and schools and put a strain on hospitals and other institutions, as well as residents trying to heat their homes during a cold snap. After WWII, demand for coal nationally was greater than ever, while supply remained lower than needed because of manpower shortages and depletion of existing mines. In the winter of 1949, the United Mine Workers went on a nationwide strike for better wages and benefits, curtailing the flow of coal from mines to coal yards. By January 1950, Indiana was feeling the impact and the state began to ration coal to key industries and institutions. By February, the Indianapolis Times announced that thousands of homes were without heat under the headline “Hoosiers Starting to Burn Wood, Corncobs.” The Indiana Red Cross estimated that it was receiving one emergency call every minute. Fortunately, management and union representatives reached an agreement, and the miners were eager to get back to work. On March 4, Governor Henry F. Schricker announced that carloads of coal were headed to key areas, though several weeks passed before the supply chain was flowing normally. Learn more about the miners’ demands and the impact of the coal shortage on Indiana through Hoosier State Chronicles: Indianapolis Times,Indianapolis, Marion County, 28 February 1950.
1950, May 30 - Memorial Day - Photo caption: 1950 - Troops from the Anthony Wayne Council of the Boy Scouts of America marched down Main Street in the Memorial Day Parade on May 30, 1950. The parade also included a number of marching bands and representatives of all the county's veterans organizations. Thousands of spectators lined the parade route to Lindenwood Cemetery. Photo from THIS DAY IN HISTORY: May 30 in photos by Dan Vance posted May 30, 2018 in
The News-Sentinel newspaper.
1950, June 25 - the Korean Conflict begins when North Korea invades South Korea, the first war of the Cold War. The North Korean Army crossed into South Korea, capturing the capital Seoul in less than a week. The north was supported by the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union, while the south was supported by the United Nations, which condemned the attack and recommended its member states (countries) support the south with troops, supplies and weapons. U.S. soldiers comprised about 88 percent of the troops sent overseas. Copied from Remembering 'The Forgotten War' May 27, 2013 by Sheryl Krieg
The News-Sentinel newspaper. Read more Korean War on Smithsonian National Museum of American History blog. Read about the events leading up the war on a June 25, 2014 post via The Writer's Almanac on The History Center Facebook page.
1950, June 27 – the United States decides to send troops to fight in the Korean War. President Harry S. Truman authorizes the Air Force and Navy to enter the Korean conflict.
A tornado would be hard-pressed to score a more direct hit on Fort Wayne than this one. This twister touched down near the corner of Taylor Street and Brooklyn Avenue and moved northeast, directly through downtown, and lifted near the Tennessee Street bridge. Fortunately the tornado was rather weak, and it occurred around seven o'clock in the evening after most of the business people had left for home.
Trees were blown down from the 2000 block to the 1800 block of Taylor Street, and at 1530 Swinney Avenue. A shed was demolished at 1302 Wall Street and power poles were torn down along Thompson Avenue. A tree fell at 1120 Nelson Road, and a large tree toppled over and crushed a car at 1135 Jones Street. Similarly, an automobile was smashed by a tree at 1121 Wilt Street.
Entering the central business district on this Wednesday evening, a tree was felled at the intersection of Van Buren Street and Jefferson Boulevard. At the corner of Main and Calhoun, five people were injured when a store front's window burst and showered them with glass. Street lights along the 100 block of West Main Street were damaged.
After missing the Allen County Courthouse by a matter of feet, and crossing the site of the present-day City-County Building, the twister ripped part of the roof of a building at Barr Street and Superior Street, just about where the Fort Wayne Museum of Art stands today.
The tornado crossed the Saint Mary's River, avoided damaging the Three Rivers Filtration Plant, but managed to tear power poles down on Wagner Street behind the plant.
The weakening funnel crossed the Saint Joseph River, knocked over some trees at the corner of Tennessee Avenue and Saint Joseph Boulevard, and then lifted back into the clouds.
1950, September 14
September 14 In 1950, the Fort Wayne Open PGA event begins.
Lloyd Mangrum won with a 271 total, 13 under par at Orchard...
In 1950, the Fort Wayne Open PGA event begins.
Lloyd Mangrum won with a 271 total, 13 under par at Orchard Ridge Country Club, and earned $2,600.
Sponsored by the Jaycees, the tournament lasted for seven years, the next six at the Elks Country Club where first-prize was $2,400 and the total purse was $15,000. The next years' winners were Jim Ferrier, Jimmy Clark, Art Wall, Doug Ford, Dow Finsterwald and Wall again.
The big winners during the seven-year run were Wall who earned $6,351, Middlecoff with $51,00, Ford $5,135, Clark $4,745 and Mangrum $3,070. Porky Oliver was next with $3,710 followed by Ferrier with $3,690 and Marty Furgoi with $3,542. The only player out of 95 who played in the Fort Wayne Open who made money in all seven tournaments was Dave Douglas, and his total was only $2,884.
Also, in 1996, the IU men's soccer teams plays a match at Memorial Stadium against UAB.
This may not sound like much, especially with a crowd of only 3,536 fans over two days, but this was the real start of the National Soccer Festival. Originally called the IPFW/Three Rivers Soccer Classic, the event matched IPFW, Indiana, Marquette and Alabama-Birmingham. Tickets cost $8 for a single session and $14 for both nights.
On the first day, IU beat Marquette 3-2 in overtime and UAB beat IPFW 8-0. On the final day, Indiana tied UAB 1-1, and Marquette edged IPFW 2-1.
1950, November 25
FYI, the record 2 day November snowfall at Ft Wayne is 8.0 " on Nov 25/26, 1950 (6 events of >5"in 120+ years). At South...
FYI, the record 2 day November snowfall at Ft Wayne is 8.0 " on Nov 25/26, 1950 (6 events of >5"in 120+ years). At South Bend, the November record is 20.5 inches (Nov 25/26, 1977) with 6 2-day events of 1 foot or more since 1893.
Sixty years ago during the Great Thanksgiving Snowstorm, the Ohio State-Michigan football game was played Saturday afternoon in Columbus, the Big Ten championship and a trip to the Rose Bowl on the line. The "Snow Bowl," as it came to be called, was played in near white-out conditions with a temperature of 5 degrees and 40-mph winds. Michigan won 9-3 on 27 total yards gained and without achieving even one first down. Photo: The Ohio State University
1951, January 29 - Indiana was the 26th state to ratify the twenty-second amendment limiting the President to two terms. The 36th state, Minnesota, ratified it
Happy Groundhog’s Day! In 1951, Hoosiers waited for “Pharaoh the Hoosier groundhog,” not Punxsutawney Phil, to tell them if there would be six more weeks of winter. Pharoah kept them waiting. The Indianapolis Times declared that he “was just too smart to come out” into the freezing “dadblamed Hoosier zero weather.” Search for fun phrases like “Groundhog’s Day” using Hoosier State Chronicles, a free newspaper database from ISL: https://newspapers.library.in.gov/
1951, June 14 - UNIVAC 1 was one of the first civilian computers, it tabulated some of the results from the 1950 Census as well as the entire 1954 Economic Census. Read more at UNIVAC I - History - U.S. Census Bureau. A June 14, 2013 commment on their Facebook page states the last UNISYS was March 30, 2010.
1951, August 12 - ground breaking for new Parkview Hospital on East State Blvd. and Randallia Street. Formerly the 1878 Fort Wayne City Hospital, then 1917 Hope Methodist Hospital.
Did you grow up with a telephone party line in your home? With party lines, multiple homes shared the same telephone line. It was a widespread service in the U.S. up through the 1970s or so.
Predictably, complaints of eavesdropping and of neighbors monopolizing the line were common. This 1951 newspaper ad is just one of many that encouraged customers to follow good party-line etiquette.
1952, June 13 - just a few years after a giant turtle was reported in Churubusco, Whitley County, now knicknamed Turtle Town, the Mrs. D.A. Crance with two children while driving down California Road in broad daylight stops her car when she sees a log across the road ahead. As she ponders what to do, one end of the “log” rises three feet off the road! “It had a head like a bulldog,” she later said of what she reported was a “sickly blue” snake that stretched all the way across the road, at least 18 feet long and 5 inches around. The next day, about 100 hunters search the area on foot with the aid of trucks and airplanes. There are people from local conservation clubs, the parks department and even the Sheriff's Mounted Posse – yes, that was a thing – searching on horseback. Copied from the June 1952: Hunting for a giant snake and That was my snake. Dan Somers, who grew up in Fort Wayne and now lives near Syracuse, says he and his brother Sam were responsible for at least some of the sightings of Pete the Python in 1952 discussed in Fake snake: Behind the 1952 prank published June 27, 2019 both articles by Corey McMaken published May 2019 in The Journal Gazette newspaper.
For "Throwback Thursday" we share this photo of "Ike" [Dwight Eisenhower] campaigning for President at the Baker Street Station in 1952. If you look carefully, you not only see the Lincoln Tower, Lincoln Life and the Kimball Garage, you also see Powers Hamburgers! BTW... Hofer and Davis did surveys for Lincoln Life in 1922, 1956 the 1970's and beyond!
On September 15, 1952 General Dwight D. Eisenhower made a 150-mile trip through northern Indiana during his candidacy for President. His stop in Fort Wayne brought him to the Baker Street Station to give a whistle-stop speech where a crowd of 5,000 greeted the candidate. He reminisced to the crowd of his previous visit 30 years earlier when he was with a military company camped outside the city. It was then he learned of John Chapman and would later remark how Fort Wayne and Johnny Appleseed have been one and the same in his mind.
1952, September 28 - Allen County War Memorial Coliseum dedication. A video by Access Fort Wayne public television at the Allen County Public Library shows some construction, outdoor and indoor crowds at the dedication.
HISTORY JOURNAL Oct. 25, 1952: The Fort Wayne Komets made their hockey debut in front of about 5,000 people at the new Memorial Coliseum. The Komets begin their 2022-23 season Friday in Indianapolis and have their home opener Saturday. Check out previews tomorrow in The Journal Gazette.
1953, January 7 - President Truman tells the world that that the US has developed a hydrogen bomb. This encouraged people like Mr. and Mrs. Murland E. Anderson in 1955 to install a double-hulled steel shelter bombshelter beneath their front yard.
65 years ago today, Fort Wayne hosted the @NBAAllStar Game. George Mikan and the West topped Bob Cousy and the East. Tonight at 7 in the @acwmc, it's @FortWayneMBB and @OmahaMBB. Hope to see you there. In case you can't make it, we'll have it on @ComcastIN 📺 81. pic.twitter.com/wRTFmAJ0ee
On January 13, 1953, the Fort Wayne Pistons hosted the third NBA All-Star Game at the Memorial Coliseum, featuring Hall of Famers Bob Cousy, Ed Macauley, and Bill Sharman. According to the Fort Wayne News-Sentinel, the game was historic because Don Barksdale became the first African American player in an All-Star Game.
1953, June 14 - photo of Spectators lined the east side of Bueter Road on June 14, 1953, for the 16th running of the Soap Box Derby in Fort Wayne, sponsored by The News-Sentinel and area Chevrolet dealers. The race drew 61 drivers, and the winner was Tom Bartkus, 13, the son of Mr. and Mrs. John Bartkus of 1812 High St. Tom's win qualified him for the national Derby in Akron, Ohio, and the opportunity to win a $5,000 college scholarship. Copied from THIS DAY IN HISTORY: June 14 in photos by Dan Vance published June 14, 2018 in
The News-Sentinel newspaper
1953, July 27 - Korean Armistice Agreement ends the three year Korean War. The first war of the the Cold War left a divided American backed South Korea and Communist North Korea separated by the DMZ - demilitarized zone on the 38th Parallel.
1953, October 10 - Tom Downes a British newspaper reporter made a visit to Fort Wayne and interviewed residents here, and wrote an article called America's Happiest Town for Lancashire Evening Post, England.
1953, November 8 - Parkview Memorial Hospital was dedicated at Randallia and State. Of the $3 million project cost, $470,000 was contributed by GE and GE employees to help build this key part of what eventually became Northeast Indiana's biggest healthcare network. Copied from November 8, 2021 and November 8, 2022 posts by Electric Works on Facebook. See our Electric Works page.
1953, November 21 - the former Methodist Hospital moved into the new Parkview Hospital on the southeast corner of Randalia and State Boulevard.
Your America on page 8 of Pamphlets Volume 8 by the Public Library of Fort Wayne and Allen County, Publication date 1954, on Archive.org, is a factual and statistical essay answer to the question, "What is America?" in the 1950s.
Here's some trivia for you: The first national color TV broadcast in the U.S. was of the Tournament of Roses Parade on January 1, 1954!
According to this article from the Great Falls Leader, 21 cities received NBC's color broadcast, though the number of actual viewers was limited to those watching on special "demonstration sets" because "nobody can buy a color set yet."
Columnist Hal Humphrey quipped in a separate syndicated article about the broadcast, "It might be said of NBC this week that no network has ever done so much for so few viewers."
Read Hal Humphrey's column: "Few to See Color Video Of Roses Fete" in The Philadelphia Inquirer, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, Friday, January 1, 1954, Page 16
1954, February 23 - Dr. Jonas Salk gave the first polio vaccine during field trials to children in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The vaccine was produced by Eli Lily and Company in Indianapolis.
H. Rpt 1333, Report on Changing Armistice Day to Veterans Day Record Group 46: Records of the U.S. SenateSeries: Committee Papers of the Committee on the JudiciaryFile Unit: Legislative Bill Files of the Committee on the Judiciary from the 83rd Congress
83D CONGRESS [begin italics]2d Session [end italics] HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES REPORT NO. 1333 ======================================================================================= CHANGING ARMISTICE DAY TO VETERANS DAY __________________________ March 9, 1954. - Referred to the House Calendar and order to be printed ___________________________ MR. McCULLOCH, from the Committee on the Judiciary, submitted the following REPORT [To accompany H. R. 7786] The Committee on the Judiciary, to whom was referred the bill (H. R. 7786) to honor veterans on the 11th day of November of each year, a day dedicated to world peace, having considered the same, report favorably thereon without amendment and recommend that the bill do pass. STATEMENT It is a general purpose of H. R. 7786 to expand the significance of Armistice Day and to change its name to Veterans Day. Armistice Day was declared a legal public holiday by an act of Congress approved May 13, 1938, to be observed on the 11th day of November of each year, in commemoration of the close of World War I. The holiday was dedicated to the cause of world peace, and has been regarded and observed throughout the land is a day to honor the veterans of the First World War who fought, and especially those who died, for that cause. Since 1938, however, the United States has been involved in two other military conflicts, World War II and the Korean conflict, in each of which are country sought to advance permanent peace in the world and each of which added millions of veterans to those of World War I who had fought for the same noble objective. This legislation does not establish a new legal holiday. Rather, it expands the significance of an existing holiday in order that a grateful nation, on a day dedicated to the cause of world peace, may pay proper homage to all its veterans who have contributed so much to that cause and the preservation of our way of life. It is altogether fitting that the United States should honor all of its veterans on a day when those of World War I, in commemoration of the cause of world peace, pause to pay tribute to their comrades who gave their lives fighting for that cause. 42006
1954, March 20
#OTD in 1954, underdog Milan High School defeated Muncie Central to win the state basketball championship at Butler...
#OTD in 1954, underdog Milan High School defeated Muncie Central to win the state basketball championship at Butler Fieldhouse.
Tied at 30 points each, Bobby Plump made a shot in the final few seconds of the game to beat the Bearcats. The Indy Star described the now famous play: "From the top of the key, Plump faked left and drove right, stopping on a dime as defender Jimmy Barnes rushed to stop him from getting to the basket, his momentum carrying him away from his man."
The 1986 film Hoosiers is loosely based on the "Milan Miracle."
The image below, showing the 1954 championship team, is courtesy of the Milan Museum.
1954, March 21 - the Milan Miracle. Milan was one of the smallest schools in Indiana southeast in Ripley County with only 27 seniors including Bobby Plump. Bobby shot the winning basket against basketball powerhouse Muncie Central High School to win the state basketball championship 32-30. The "Mighty Men of Milan" of Bobby Plump and his teammates inspired the movie Hoosiers. See photos and video of The Milan Miracle on IndyStar newspaper publlished March 21, 2014.
1954, March 22 - Hudson's opens the first almost-enclosed shopping mall in Southfield, Michigan, ushering in the age of the "modern mall".
1954, May 17 - The Supreme Court decided unanimously the landmark Brown vs. Board of Education ruling, which declared racially segregated public schools inherently unequal in violation of the 14th Amendment. Read more on the May 17, 2013 Smithsonian National Museum of American History blog.
Find out how much swimsuits changed between the 1910s and the 1950s! Which decade has your favorite styles? Still curious? Explore a full-page of vintage swimsuits from 1954: https://www.newspapers.com/article/sun-herald-1954-swimsuit-styles/151647356/
Find out how much swimsuits changed between the 1910s and the 1950s! Which decade has your favorite styles?
Still curious? Explore a full-page of vintage swimsuits from 1954: 1954 swimsuit styles Sun Herald, Biloxi, Mississippi, Thursday, June 10, 1954, Page 31
Record Group 11: General Records of the United States GovernmentSeries: Enrolled Acts and Resolutions of Congress
THE WHITE HOUSE [STAMPED ON LEFT MARGIN]
[THE REST OF THE STAMP IS CUT OFF]
GENERAL SERVICES ADMINISTRATION [STAMPED ON RIGHT MARGIN]
RECEIVED [STAMPED ON RIGHT MARGIN]
JUN 14 1954 [STAMPED ON RIGHT MARGIN]
NARS [STAMPED ON RIGHT MARGIN]
FEDERAL REGISTER DIVISON [STAMPED ON RIGHT MARGIN]
PUBLIC LAW [STAMPED] 396 [HANDWRITTEN]
CHAPTER [STAMPED] 297 [HANDWRITTEN]
H. J. Res. 243
Eighty-third Congress of the United States of America [centered]
AT THE SECOND SESSION [CENTERED]
Begun and held at the CIty of Washington on Wednesday, the sixth day of January, [centered]
one thousand nine hundred and fifty-four [centered]
Joint Resolution [centered]
To amend the pledge of allegiance to the flag of the United States of America.
Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United
States of America in Congress assembled, That section 7 of the joint
resolution entitled "Joint resolution to codify and emphasize existing
rules and customs pertaining to the display and use of the flag of the
United States of America", approved June 22, 1942, as amended (36
U.S.C. sec. 172), is amended to read as follows:
"SEC. 7. The following is designated as the pledge of allegiance to
the flag: 'I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of
America and to the Republic for which it stands, one Nation under
God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all'. Such pledge should
be rendered by standing with the right hand over the heart. However,
civilians will always show repsect to the flag when the pledge
is given by merely standing at attention, men removing the headdress.
Persons in uniform shall render the military salute."
Joseph W. Martin Jr. [signature]
Speaker of the House of Representatives
Styles Bridges [signature]
President of the Senate. [typeset] pro Tempore [handwritten]
1954, June 17 - after eight consecutive days of muggy 90° weather the forecast was for cooler weather, but the June 18 temperature rose to 92° with more muggy weather forecast for the weekend. See photos and more in A busy week in June 1954 Column to explore interesting events, times from the past by Corey McMaken in the first Throwback Thursday column called the History Journal published December 27, 2018 in The Journal Gazette newspaper.
1954, August 3 - Several hundred people were on hand by 6:30 a.m. August 3, 1954, to watch the Ringling Bros. Barnum & Bailey Circus unload at the New York Central freight yards off Clinton Street. The crowd kept growing, and the children cheered when the car with the elephants finally arrived. Copied from THIS DAY IN HISTORY: August 3 in photos by Dan Vance published August 3, 2018 in
The News-Sentinel newspaper.
1954, August 24 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower outlawed the Communist Party in the US when he signed the Communist Control Act of 1954 at Lowry Air Force Base, Denver, Colorado.
1954, September 26 - WANE 15 television station official launched as WINNT in Waterloo before moving to Fort Wayne in 1958 and rebranded as WANE on West State Boulevard.
1954, November 11 - Veterans Day officially replaced Armistice Day as America's November 11 holiday
In 1954, Veterans Day officially replaced Armistice Day as America's November 11 holiday (though local Veterans Day commemorations had been held in places like Alabama since 1947). The intent was to expand the scope of the day to honor all veterans, and newspapers around the country published articles like this one that explained the change.
Read the full article in the Palmyra Spectator on our site: Veterans Day replaces Armistice Day, 1954, The Palmyra Spectator, Palmyra, Missouri, Thursday, Nov 11, 1954, Page 1
Veterans Day, formerly known as Armistice Day, was originally set as a U.S. legal holiday to honor the end of World War I, which officially took place on this day in 1918.
In 1954, after having been through both World War II and the Korean War, the U.S. Congress -- at the urging of veterans service organizations -- amended the Act by striking out the word "Armistice" and inserting the word "Veterans." With the approval of this legislation on June 1, 1954, Nov. 11 became a day to honor American veterans of all wars.
On this 62nd annual National Veterans Day Observance we honor and remember all veterans who served and continue to serve in the United States military.
Who are you remembering today?
1954, November 12 - Ellis Island, the gateway to America, shuts it doors after processing more than 12 million immigrants since opening in 1892.
1955, January 6 - Burning Christmas trees and other greenery is an old tradition on Twelfth Night, Jan. 6, to celebrate the Christian event of Epiphany. Ceremonies in Fort Wayne marked the occasion for decades. At its peak, a city-sponsored bonfire and related activities drew thousands of people. Even a snowstorm with strong winds couldn’t keep several hundred people away in 1968. It also provided a helpful solution to tree disposal, since there was no provision in the city contract for garbage collection for the disposal of Christmas trees, according to a 1956 story in The Journal Gazette. A digital search of the newspaper’s archive for “burning of the greens” shows mention of events as far back as 1940. At that time it was hosted by the Fort Wayne Friars. Copied from Burning of the Greens bonfire a Fort Wayne holiday tradition until 1972 Corey McMaken, November 30, 2023 The Journal Gazette newspaper
1955, January 20 - Brooklyn Dodger major league baseball player - the great Jackie Robinson, who broke the color barrier April 15, 1947, visited Central Catholic High School in Fort Wayne. His life is recalled in the 2013 movie 42 - The Jackie Robinson Story starring Chadwick Boseman as Jackie Robinson and Harrison Ford.
We've had thousands of great visitors over the years.
Since it's "Throw Back Thursday" and the movie "42" is now out...
Meet this Hoosier from the library stacks. John Gojack, a union organizer in Fort Wayne, was called before the Committee on Unamerican Activities. He was a defiant witness, who when held in contempt took Congress to the Supreme Court, more than once, and won every time. #HoosierInTheStacks#unions#court
1955, March 26 - The Ballad of Davy Crockett reached the top on this day sung by Bill Hayes, a graduate of DePauw University, actor and singer, was his only #1 song.
1955, April 12 - it was announced that Jonas Salk, using March of Dimes donations from millions of people, had developed a vaccine to prevent polio, the most notorious disease of the 20th century until AIDS. Read Whatever Happened to Polio? on the Smithsonian National Museum of American History blog. Word that the Salk vaccine was successful set off one of the greatest celebrations in modern American history, ... Church bells tolled, factory whistles blew. People ran into the streets weeping. from Defeating Polio, The Disease That Paralyzed America published April 10, 2015 by npr history dept.
1955, September 30 - actor James Dean, born February 8, 1931 in Marion, Indiana, lived in Fairmount, Indiana, age 24, while driving his Porsche 550 Spyder from Los Angeles to a sports car race in Salinas, California was killed in a car accident.
1955, October 3 - the Mickey Mouse Club and Captain Kangaroo television made their television debuts. The Captain show aired until December 8, 1984, with reruns on PBS in 1986.
1955, December 1 - Rosa Parks, a black woman, was arrested, for civil disobedience in Alabama, for refusing to give up her seat to a white man. Her arrest sparked a 381-day boycott of the Montgomery bus system. It also led to a 1956 Supreme Court decision banning segregation on public transportation. Copied from Rosa Parks Was Arrested for Civil Disobedience December 1, 1955 on America's Story from America's Library at The Library of Congress.
1955, December 5 and 11
Did you have to take penmanship in school? As the nation bemoaned “this typewriter-infested age” in the 1950s, Richmond...
Did you have to take penmanship in school? As the nation bemoaned “this typewriter-infested age” in the 1950s, Richmond thought itself at the vanguard of good handwriting. Read more in today's The UncommonWealth.
Something to ponder as you head out to vote today, for free. In the Library's Rosa Parks Papers collection, there's a receipt for the poll tax she had to pay to vote in Alabama in 1956. Poll taxes, a Jim Crow-era voter suppression tool, were not abolished federally until 1964.
1956, January 8 - the first USAC, United States Auto Club, race was held at the Allen County Memorial Coliseum. IRMA PLAQUE HONORS USAC'S FIRST RACE located at the coliseum with photo of plaque published November 13, 2017.
On this day in 1956, President Eisenhower signed the Federal Aid Highway Act, providing Federal funding for the construction of a system of interstate highways for transportation and national defense.
President Eisenhower signed the Federal-Aid Highway Act on June 29, 1956, creating a system of interstate highways that would forever change travel in the United States! Learn more on our blog.
President Dwight Eisenhower was a fiscal conservative, achieving three balanced budgets during his administration. But perhaps the most notable accomplishment of his presidency was the most expensive public works project to that point in history—the $25 billion Interstate Highway Act.
In the summer of 1919, while a young lieutenant colonel, Eisenhower participated in the Army’s first transcontinental motorized convoy. It took 62 days for the 81 Army vehicles to travel across the country. Eisenhower was appalled by the conditions of the roads encountered on the journey. By comparison, he was greatly impressed by the German autobahn system he observed in the aftermath of World War II. By the time he was elected president, Eisenhower was determined to see the United States improve its roads and in his 1954 State of the Union Address he proposed creation of an interstate highway system.
Congress eventually approved Eisenhower’s proposal, creating the “National System of Interstate and Defense Highways.” Because the program was approved during the height of the Cold War, the defense benefits of the new roads were stressed (such as the ability to quickly evacuate cities in the event of nuclear war). But contrary to popular belief, while defense issues were important, they were never paramount. In his speeches promoting the legislation, Ike spoke more about the deaths caused by poor roads, and about the rapidly growing number of vehicles on roads incapable of handling them. “We are pushing ahead with a great road program,” he said in October 1954, “a road program that will take this nation out of its antiquated shackles of secondary roads all over this country and give us the types of highways that we need for this great mass of motor vehicles. It will be a nation of great prosperity, but will be more than that: it will be a nation that is going ahead every day.” In his 1955 State of the Union Address he said, “A modern highway system is essential to meet the needs of our growing population, our expanding economy, and our national security.” Good roads not only have great economic value, he later said, they also save lives.
Eisenhower’s initial proposal was that state and local governments contribute 70% of the cost of the new highways, with the federal portion to be funded by a bond issue. But Congress rejected his funding proposal and in the final version of the bill, the federal government assumed 90% of the cost of building the highways, funding the work with a combination of taxes on gasoline, tires, buses, and trucks.
President Eisenhower signed the bill into law on June 29, 1956, sixty-seven years ago today.
1956, July 26 - ground was broken at 600 W. Main St. for a new building for the publishing of the Fort Wayne Newspapers.
1956, July 31 - Eavey's Supermarket opened. Henry J. Eavey's 80,000 square foot store was the largest supermarket in the world at the time.
1956, August 10 - a newspaper article discussing Dutch elm disease killing American elm street trees.
1956, September 9 - Elvis Presley makes his first appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show.
1957
1957 - W. Kettler and Walter Helmke present proposal to the boards of Purdue University and Indiana University to establish a joint campus in Fort Wayne. Indiana Institute of Technology moves to former Concordia College campus on East Washington Boulevard, and Concordia moves to North Clinton Street campus with buildings designed by Eero Saarinen. Copied from the 1950-1959 Timeline of the decadefrom the Fort Wayne History Stories about time periods archives of
The News-Sentinel newspaper.
1957, March 14 - the oriental peony (Paeonia) was adopted as the official state flower by the 1957 General Assembly (Indiana Code 1-2-7). See Indiana State Tree and Flower by the Indiana Historical Bureau. Peonies bloom from late May into early June in shades of red, pink and white. They were popular for planting in cemeteries until recently when most plantings in many cemeteries were eliminated for simplifing maintenance. From 1931-1957 the zinnia was the state flower. See State Emblems and Symbols page.
1957, March 30 - Elvis Presley played at the Memorial Coliseum. Photo caption stated reportedly, the sound of his music was drowned out by the thousands of screaming fans when he performed at the Coliseum from THIS DAY IN HISTORY: March 30 with photo published March 30, 2018 in
The News-Sentinel newspaper. See photos and more information at Screams greet Elvis at Coliseum in 1957 The King spoke to reporters before entertaining crowd by Corey McMaken published September 26, 2019 in The Journal Gazette newspaper.
1957, August 15, 16, 17, 18 - AN ESTIMATED CROWD of 15,000 attended the seventh annual Old Time Threshers and Saw Mill Operators Reunion at the James Whitbey farm near Fort Wayne, Indiana, August 15, 16, 17 and 18, 1957. It was a new record in attendance which has seen the show get bigger every year. Copied from Reunion Report by MRS. J. H. Whitbey published in the November/December 1957 issue of Farm Collector Newsletter. See more Threshing Machine articles.
1957, September 25 - nine African-American students were successfully registered at Little Rock Central High School after President Eisenhower ordered federal troops to ensure their safe entry, breaking the state's longstanding policy of segregation. Arkansas was one of the most segregated states in the country, alongside Mississippi and Alabama. The students, dubbed the Little Rock Nine, had been chosen by the NAACP based on good grades and behavior, and were asked not to respond to any taunts or threats for fear that things might escalate.
1957, November 8 - Buddy Holly and the Crickets perform at the Memorial Coliseum. Buddy Holly died February 3, 1959 in an airplane crash The Day The Music Diednear Clear Lake, Iowa with Ritchie Valens and J. P. The Big Bopper Richardson.
The Hula Hoop was patented on March 5, 1963, but the craze first hit the United States back in the summer of 1958.
This article from Longview, Texas, reported that "one local fifth grader has acquired such finesse that she has been able to spin it 30 minutes at a time without interruption."
And an interview with a local storeowner revealed that "he cannot keep the item in stock, has reordered about eight times [...] and still has dozens of standing orders."
1959, June 2 - Richard Loving and Mildred Jeter arrest and conviction for violating Virginia’s law against interracial marriage led to the SCOTUS ruling that laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional.
Marriage license for Richard Loving and Mildred Jeter, June 2, 1958.
Their arrest and conviction for violating Virginia’s law against interracial marriage led to the SCOTUS ruling that laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional.
Did you grow up with a black-and-white TV, or did you watch TV in color? Although color TVs entered the American market on September 28, 1951, they didn't outsell black-and-white models in the U.S. until the early 1970s.
This eye-catching clipping from 1958 answers questions like, "Is Color TV as thrilling as they say?" and "Is Color TV a good investment now?"
1959 - President John F. Kennedy, the 35th president visited Fort Wayne to campaign for Mayor Mike Burns, see photo on Visit Fort Wayneon Twitter.
1959, January 3 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower by Presidential Proclamation 3269 admitts Alaska as the 49th state of the Union. It was the Territory of Alaska before being admitted to the Union. It is the largest state in the Union and is in the northwest of the Americas above Canada. The capital of Alaska is Juneau. Alaska, United States Genealogy on FamilySearch.orgWiki.
1959, March 18 - President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Hawaii Statehood Bill admitting Hawaii on August 21, 1959 as the 50th state.
1959, April 9 - NASA announced our nation's first seven astronauts: Scott Carpenter, Gordon Cooper, John Glenn, Gus Grissom, Wally Schirra, Alan Shepard, and Deke Slayton. Collectively, the group was often called the Mercury 7.
Within this Decade: America in Space - 1969 by usnationalarchives published July 8, 1969 YouTube
This film traces the principal accomplishments of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in aeronautics and space research from 1959 until the eve of the first lunar landing in 1969.
1959, August 21 - Hawaii admitted as the 50th state.
1959, September 9
Did you play with Barbie dolls growing up? Barbie debuted 65 years ago—on March 9, 1959—at the American Toy Fair in New...
