Individual Census Records from 1790 to 1950 are maintained by the National Archives and Records Administration, not the U.S. Census Bureau.

The 1880 census started June 1, 1880 from What day was the census taken each decade? at the United States Census Bureau. On June 2, 1880, the census enumerators Geo. H. Johnston in Eel River Township, found on Roll 264, and Samuel F. Davis in Fort Wayne, found on Roll 265, started recording the 10th U.S. Federal Census. This is the first census to record relationships.

Look at the Fort Wayne City and Allen County Directories issued yearly since 1858.

See the 1880 Overview at United States Census Bureau.

Census Instructions

The decennial census has always required a large workforce to visit and collect data from households. Between 1790 to 1870, the duty of collecting census data fell upon the U.S. Marshals. A March 3, 1879 act replaced the U.S. Marshals with specially hired and trained census-takers to conduct the 1880 and subsequent censuses.

During the early censuses, U.S. Marshalls received little training or instruction on how to collect census data. In fact, it was not until 1830 that marshals even received printed shedules on which to record households' responses. The marshals often received limited instruction from the census acts passed prior to each census. 

Beginning with the 1880 census, specially hired and trained census-takers replaced the U.S. marshals. Door-to-door census by temporary census-takers was the primary method of conducting the census until the U.S. Census Bureau began mailing questionnaires to households in 1960.

As more and more households received and returned their questionnaires by mail, the role of census-taker changed. Today, the majority of households are counted by mailed questionnaires. Census-takers visit places frequented by transient households (shelters and soup kitchens, campsites, etc.) and households that do not return their mailed questionnaires (during the "Nonresponse Follow-Up" phase of the census). As a result, the "Instructions to Enumerators" provided here include the congressional acts U.S. marshalls reviewed during the early census, specially-published instructions for door-to-door census, and lastly, guides used for the limited number of personal interviews conducted during nonresponse follow-up operations.

Copied from the Census Intructions at the United States Census Bureauthat has the 1880 Instructions.

Roll 0264 page n161 - 10th census, 1880, Indiana [microform] (National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration) on Internet Archive.

1880 United States Federal Census on Ancestry.com is Free!

Roll 0265 - 10th census, 1880, Indiana [microform] (National Archives and Records Service, General Services Administration) on Internet Archive.

Links to Online Census Records

1. ACGSI.org Agricultural Schedule
2. ACGSI.org D-D-D ScheduleDefective, Dependent and Delinqent Classes
3. ACGSI.org Manufacturing Schedule
4. ACGSI.org Mortality Schedule
5. ACGSI.org Population Schedule, African American
6. ACGSI.org 1881 Census List of the Miami Indians (pp. 1-2)
7. ACGSI.org Enumeration of White and Colored Males over 21 (statistics only)
8. Ancestry.comblank 1880 census form
9. FamilySearch.orgSearch 1880 U.S. Census Index individual details, no images - links to Ancestry.com subscription
10. FamilySearch.orgWiki for Indiana Census 1807 - 1940 links organized by year to various online census records.
11. FindMyPast.com Free US Census 1880
12. Use Steve Morse Census Search Tool for any census
13. Internet Archive- 1880 census page 170 (n161)
14. Internet Archive- 10th census, 1880, Indiana [microform] (Volume Reel 0264 - 1880 Indiana Federal Population Census Schedules - Adams (cont'd: ED 135, sheet 1 l-end) and Allen (part: EDs 1-118, sheet 38) Counties) - United States. Bureau of the Census.
15. Internet Archive- 10th census, 1880, Indiana [microform] (Volume Reel 0265 - 1880 Indiana Federal Population Census Schedules - Allen (cont'd: ED 118, sheet 39-end) and Bartholomew (part: EDs 1-6, sheet 6) Counties) - United States. Bureau of the Census.
16. Internet Archive- Index (Soundex) to 1880 Indiana Census
17. No USGenWeb 1880 Census transcription or indexing
18. 1883 List of Pensioners on the Roll - January 1, 1883 on New Horizons Genealogical Services.org.
19. For Florida, Nebraska, Colorado, or in the territories of New Mexico and Dakota there is The Forgotten Federal Census of 1885 by Rebecca Crawford published in the Fall 2008, Vol. 40, No. 3 The National ArchivesPrologue Magazine.The Forgotten Federal Census of 1885 Can Be Found Online for Free on Family History Daily.